LITERATES
AND LITERACY RATES-2001 CENSUS (PROVISIONAL)
|
POPULATION, NUMBER OF
LITERATES AND LITERACY RATES BY SEX-2001 |
| S.No.
|
India/States |
Literacy
Rate 2001
|
Literates
2001
|
| |
|
Persons |
Male |
Female |
Persons
|
Male
|
Female
|
| |
INDIA |
64.84 |
75.26 |
53.67 |
560,687,797 |
336,533,716 |
224,154,081 |
| 1 |
Andhra
Pradesh |
60.47 |
70.32 |
50.43 |
39,934,323 |
23,444,788 |
16,489,535 |
| 2 |
Arunchal
Pradesh |
54.34 |
63.83 |
43.53 |
484,785 |
303,281 |
181,504 |
| 3 |
Assam |
63.25 |
71.28 |
54.61 |
14,015,354 |
8,188,697 |
5,826,657 |
| 4 |
Bihar |
47.00 |
59.68 |
33.12 |
31,109,577 |
20,644,376 |
10,465,201 |
| 5 |
Chhattisgarh |
64.66 |
77.38 |
51.85 |
11,173,149 |
6,711,395 |
4,461,754 |
| 6 |
Delhi |
81.67 |
87.33 |
74.71 |
9,664,764 |
5,700,847 |
3,963,917 |
| 7 |
Goa |
82.01 |
88.42 |
75.37 |
985,562 |
541,032 |
444,530 |
| 8 |
Gujarat |
69.14 |
79.66 |
57.80 |
29,827,750 |
17,833,273 |
11,994,477 |
| 9 |
Haryana |
67.91 |
78.49 |
55.73 |
12,093,677 |
7,480,209 |
4,613,468 |
| 10 |
Himachal
Pradesh |
76.48 |
85.35 |
67.42 |
4,041,621 |
2,278,386 |
1,763,235 |
| 11 |
Jammu
& Kashmir |
55.52 |
66.60 |
43.00 |
4,807,286 |
3,060,628 |
1,746,658 |
| 12 |
Jharkhand |
53.56 |
67.30 |
38.87 |
11,777,201 |
7,646,857 |
4,130,344 |
| 13 |
Karnataka |
66.64 |
76.10 |
56.87 |
30,434,962 |
17,661,211 |
12,773,751 |
| 14 |
Kerala |
90.86 |
94.24 |
87.72 |
25,485,688 |
12,753,602 |
12,732,086 |
| 15 |
Madhya
Pradesh |
63.74 |
76.06 |
50.29 |
31,592,563 |
19,672,274 |
11,920,289 |
| 16 |
Maharashtra |
76.88 |
85.97 |
67.03 |
63,965,943 |
37,184,963 |
26,780,980 |
| 17 |
Manipur |
70.53 |
80.33 |
60.53 |
1,310,534 |
753,466 |
557,068 |
| 18 |
Meghalaya |
62.56 |
65.43 |
59.61 |
1,157,875 |
614,272 |
543,603 |
| 19 |
Mizoram |
88.80 |
90.72 |
86.75 |
661,445 |
350,105 |
311,340 |
| 20 |
Nagaland |
66.59 |
71.16 |
61.46 |
1,132,323 |
640,201 |
492,122 |
| 21 |
Orissa |
63.08 |
75.35 |
50.51 |
19,837,055 |
11,992,333 |
7,844,722 |
| 22 |
Punjab |
69.65 |
75.23 |
63.36 |
14,756,970 |
8,442,293 |
6,314,677 |
| 23 |
Rajasthan |
60.41 |
75.70 |
43.85 |
27,702,010 |
18,047,157 |
9,654,853 |
| 24 |
Sikkim |
68.81 |
76.04 |
60.40 |
318,335 |
189,060 |
129,275 |
| 25 |
Tamilnadu |
73.45 |
82.42 |
64.43 |
40,524,545 |
22,809,662 |
17,714,883 |
| 26 |
Tripura |
73.19 |
81.02 |
64.91 |
2,022,099 |
1,150,707 |
871,392 |
| 27 |
Uttaranchal |
71.62 |
83.28 |
59.63 |
5,105,782 |
3,008,875 |
2,096,907 |
| 28 |
Uttar
Pradesh |
56.27 |
68.82 |
42.22 |
75,719,284 |
48,901,413 |
26,817,871 |
| 29 |
West
Bengal |
68.64 |
77.02 |
59.61 |
47,196,401 |
27,452,426 |
19,743,975 |
| 30 |
A&N
Islands |
81.30 |
86.33 |
75.24 |
253,135 |
146,831 |
106,304 |
| 31 |
Chandigarh |
81.94 |
86.14 |
76.47 |
643,245 |
382,686 |
260,559 |
| 32 |
D&N
Haveli |
57.63 |
71.18 |
40.23 |
103,904 |
72,149 |
31,755 |
| 33 |
Daman
& Diu |
78.18 |
86.76 |
65.61 |
107,600 |
70,992 |
36,608 |
| 34 |
Lakshadweep |
86.66 |
92.53 |
80.47 |
44,683 |
24,511 |
20,172 |
| 35 |
Pondicherry |
81.24 |
88.62 |
73.90 |
696,367 |
378,758 |
317,609 |
|
|
|
LITERACY
RATE 1951-2001 – INDIA
|
Census
Year
|
Persons
|
Male
|
Female
|
|
1951
|
18.33
|
27.16
|
8.86
|
|
|
1961
|
28.30
|
40.40
|
15.35
|
|
|
1971
|
34.45
|
45.96
|
21.97
|
|
|
1981
|
43.57
|
56.38
|
29.76
|
|
|
1991
|
52.21
|
64.13
|
39.29
|
|
|
2001
|
64.84
|
75.26
|
53.67
|
|
|
|
Literacy
Scenario in India (As per 2001 Census)
Literacy
in India has made remarkable strides since Independence.This has been further confirmed by the results of the Census
2001. The literacy rate has
increased from 18.33% in 1951 to 64.84% in 2001. This is despite the
fact that during the major part of the last five decades there has been
exponential growth of the population at nearly 2% per annum. The
state-wise literacy rates are given below:
LITERACY
RATE 7+ POPULATION (CENSUS 2001)
|
S.No.
|
India/State/UT
|
|
Person
|
Male
|
Female
|
|
|
India
|
Total
|
64.84
|
75.26
|
53.67
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
58.74
|
70.70
|
46.13
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
79.92
|
86.27
|
72.86
|
|
01
|
JAMMU &
KASHMIR
|
Total
|
55.52
|
66.60
|
43.00
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
49.78
|
61.65
|
36.74
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
71.92
|
80.00
|
61.98
|
|
02
|
HIMACHAL
PRADESH
|
Total
|
76.48
|
85.35
|
67.42
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
75.08
|
84.51
|
65.68
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
88.95
|
92.04
|
85.03
|
|
03
|
PUNJAB
|
Total
|
69.65
|
75.23
|
63.36
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
64.72
|
71.05
|
57.72
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
79.10
|
83.05
|
74.49
|
|
04
|
CHANDIGARH
|
Total
|
81.94
|
86.14
|
76.47
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
75.58
|
80.98
|
66.37
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
82.64
|
86.78
|
77.40
|
|
05
|
UTTARANCHAL
|
Total
|
71.62
|
83.28
|
59.63
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
68.07
|
81.78
|
54.70
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
81.44
|
87.05
|
74.77
|
|
06
|
HARYANA
|
Total
|
67.91
|
78.49
|
55.73
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
63.19
|
75.37
|
49.27
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
79.16
|
85.83
|
71.34
|
|
07
|
DELHI
|
Total
|
81.67
|
87.33
|
74.71
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
78.05
|
86.60
|
67.39
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
81.93
|
87.39
|
75.22
|
|
08
|
RAJASTHAN
|
Total
|
60.41
|
75.70
|
43.85
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
55.34
|
72.16
|
37.33
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
76.20
|
86.45
|
64.67
|
|
09
|
UTTAR PRADESH
|
Total
|
56.27
|
68.82
|
42.22
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
52.53
|
66.59
|
36.90
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
69.75
|
76.76
|
61.73
|
|
10
|
BIHAR
|
Total
|
47.00
|
59.68
|
33.12
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
43.92
|
57.09
|
29.61
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
71.93
|
79.94
|
62.59
|
|
11
|
SIKKIM
|
Total
|
68.81
|
76.04
|
60.40
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
66.82
|
74.45
|
58.01
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
83.91
|
87.81
|
79.16
|
|
12
|
ARUNACHAL
PRADESH
|
Total
|
54.34
|
63.83
|
43.53
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
47.83
|
57.65
|
36.94
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
78.26
|
85.19
|
69.49
|
|
13
|
NAGALAND
|
Total
|
66.59
|
71.16
|
61.46
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
62.79
|
67.58
|
57.52
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
84.74
|
87.44
|
81.42
|
|
14
|
MANIPUR (Excl.
3 Sub-divisions)
|
Total
|
70.53
|
80.33
|
60.53
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
67.29
|
77.31
|
56.95
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
79.28
|
88.71
|
70.01
|
|
15
|
MIZORAM
|
Total
|
88.80
|
90.72
|
86.75
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
81.27
|
84.93
|
77.26
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
96.13
|
96.43
|
95.80
|
|
16
|
TRIPURA
|
Total
|
73.19
|
81.02
|
64.91
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
69.72
|
78.40
|
60.50
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
89.21
|
93.21
|
85.03
|
|
17
|
MEGHALAYA
|
Total
|
62.56
|
65.43
|
59.61
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
56.29
|
59.24
|
53.24
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
86.30
|
89.05
|
83.50
|
|
18
|
ASSAM
|
Total
|
63.25
|
71.28
|
54.61
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
59.73
|
68.22
|
50.70
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
85.34
|
89.74
|
80.24
|
|
19
|
WEST BENGAL
|
Total
|
68.64
|
77.02
|
59.61
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
63.42
|
73.13
|
53.16
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
81.25
|
86.13
|
75.74
|
|
20
|
JHARKHAND
|
Total
|
53.56
|
67.30
|
38.87
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
45.74
|
60.94
|
29.89
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
79.14
|
87.03
|
69.96
|
|
21
|
ORISSA
|
Total
|
63.08
|
75.35
|
50.51
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
59.84
|
72.93
|
46.66
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
80.84
|
87.93
|
72.87
|
|
22
|
CHHATTISGARH
|
Total
|
64.66
|
77.38
|
51.85
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
60.48
|
74.09
|
46.99
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
80.58
|
89.39
|
71.11
|
|
23
|
MADHYA PRADESH
|
Total
|
63.74
|
76.06
|
50.29
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
57.80
|
71.70
|
42.76
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
79.39
|
87.39
|
70.47
|
|
24
|
GUJARAT
|
Total
|
69.14
|
79.66
|
57.80
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
61.29
|
74.11
|
47.84
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
81.84
|
88.34
|
74.50
|
|
25
|
DAMAN & DIU
|
Total
|
78.18
|
86.76
|
65.61
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
75.83
|
84.83
|
59.33
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
82.31
|
91.12
|
73.41
|
|
26
|
DADRA &
NAGAR HAVELI
|
Total
|
57.63
|
71.18
|
40.23
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
49.34
|
64.50
|
30.83
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
84.36
|
90.84
|
74.54
|
|
27
|
MAHARASHTRA
|
Total
|
76.88
|
85.97
|
67.03
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
70.36
|
81.93
|
58.40
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
85.48
|
91.03
|
79.09
|
|
28
|
ANDHRA PRADESH
|
Total
|
60.47
|
70.32
|
50.43
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
54.50
|
65.35
|
43.50
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
76.09
|
83.19
|
68.74
|
|
29
|
KARNATAKA
|
Total
|
66.64
|
76.10
|
56.87
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
59.33
|
70.45
|
48.01
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
80.58
|
86.66
|
74.12
|
|
30
|
GOA
|
Total
|
82.01
|
88.42
|
75.37
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
79.67
|
87.37
|
71.92
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
84.39
|
89.46
|
78.98
|
|
31
|
LAKSHADWEEP
|
Total
|
86.66
|
92.53
|
80.47
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
85.04
|
91.49
|
78.27
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
88.62
|
93.77
|
83.13
|
|
32
|
KERALA
|
Total
|
90.86
|
94.24
|
87.72
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
90.04
|
93.63
|
86.69
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
93.19
|
95.94
|
90.62
|
|
33
|
TAMIL NADU
|
Total
|
73.45
|
82.42
|
64.43
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
66.21
|
77.15
|
55.28
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
82.53
|
88.97
|
75.99
|
|
34
|
PONDICHERRY
|
Total
|
81.24
|
88.62
|
73.90
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
73.98
|
83.50
|
64.38
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
84.84
|
91.18
|
78.57
|
|
35
|
ANDAMAN &
NICOBAR ISLANDS
|
Total
|
81.30
|
86.33
|
75.24
|
|
|
|
Rural
|
78.70
|
84.14
|
72.26
|
|
|
|
Urban
|
86.57
|
90.65
|
81.47
|
|
Some
of the important highlights of Census 2001 are given below:
- Rajasthan has recorded the highest increase i.e.21.86% in
the literacy rate among the States/UTs of India.
- The literacy rate in the country has increased to 64.84%,
which reflects an overall increase of 12.63%, the fastest decadal growth
ever. This is the highest rate since independence.
- The male literacy rate has increased to 75.26%, which
shows an increase of 11.13%.On
the other hand, the female literacy of 53.67% has increased at a much
faster rate of 14.38%.
- The male-female literacy gap has reduced from 24.84% in
1991 to 21.59% in 2001.Mizoram
has the smallest gap (3.97%) followed by Kerala (6.52%) and Meghalaya
(5.82%).
- All States and Union Territories without exception have
shown increase in literacy rates during 1991-2001.
- In all the States and Union Territories the male literacy
rate except Bihar (59.68%) is now over 60%.
- For the first time since independence there has been a
decline in the absolute number of illiterates during the decade. In the
previous decades, there has been a continuous increase in the number of
illiterates, despite the increase in the literacy rates, but now for the
first time the total number of illiterates has come down by 24.77
million.
- The number of literate persons has increased to 560.68
million in 2001 thus adding an additional 201.40 million literates in
the country.
- Rajasthan has recorded the highest increase i.e.21.86% in
the literacy rate among the States/UTs of India.Literacy rate of Rajasthan in 7+ population in 1991 was
38.55% which has increased to 60.41% in 2001.
- The state also recorded very good increase in the female
literacy. It was 20.44% in
1991, which has increased to 43.85% in 2001.
- The female literacy rate of Chhattisgarh in 7+ population
in 1991 was 27.52% which has increased to 51.85% in 2001.Thus the rise in female literacy rate in Chhattisgarh has been to
the extent of 24.33%, which is the highest among all the States/UTs of
the country.
-
Madhya Pradesh also recorded a good increase in female
literacy rate i.e.20.94%.In
1991 the literacy rate of females was 29.35%, which has increased to
50.29% in 2001.
|
State
Groupings
On
the basis of literacy rate, State/UTs can be grouped as under:
-
High
Literacy Rate (80% and above)
– Kerala (90.86%), Mizoram (88.80%), Lakshadweep (86.66%), Goa
(82.01%), Chandigarh (81.94%), Delhi (81.67%), A & N Islands
(81.30%) and Pondicherry (81.24%).
-
Literacy
Rate above national average (64.8%) and below 80% - Daman
& Diu (78.18%), Maharashtra (76.88%), Himachal Pradesh (76.48%),
Tamil Nadu (73.45%), Tripura (73.19%), Uttaranchal (71.62%), Manipur
(70.53%), Punjab (69.65%), Gujarat (69.14%), Sikkim (68.81%), West
Bengal (68.64%), Haryana (67.91%), Karnataka (66.64%) and Nagaland
(66.59%).
-
Literacy
Rate below national average (64.8%) – Chhattisgarh
(64.66%), Madhya Pradesh (63.74%), Assam (63.25%), Orissa (63.08%),
Meghalaya (62.56%), Andhra Pradesh (60.47%), Rajasthan (60.41%),
Dadra & Nagar Haveli (57.63%), Uttar Pradesh (56.27%), Jammu
& Kashmir (55.52%), Arunachal Pradesh (54.34%), Jharkhand
(53.56%) and Bihar (47.00%).
Rural-Urban Gap (Literates) - Census 2001
(In million)
|
|
Persons
|
Male
|
Female
|
|
All
Areas
|
560.68
(64.8%)
|
336.53
(75.3%)
|
224.15
(53.7%)
|
|
Rural
Areas
|
361.87
(58.7%)
|
223.55
(70.7%)
|
138.32
(46.1%)
|
|
Urban
Areas
|
199.81
(79.9%)
|
113.98
(86.3%)
|
85.83
(72.9%)
|
|
SC
|
75.31
(54.69%)
|
47.43
(66.64%)
|
27.88
(41.90%)
|
|
ST
|
32.38
(47.10%)
|
20.56
(59.17%)
|
11.82
(34.76%)
|
Illiteracy
-
In
terms of the size of illiteracy, eight States, viz. Uttar Pradesh,
Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka
and Maharastra had more than 15 million illiterates each and accounted
for 69.7 per cent of the illiterate population of the country.
-
The
first four of these states - Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and
Rajasthan are in Hindi belt and have 42.76% illiterates.
-
Number
of non-literates in these States - Uttar Pradesh (58.85 million), Bihar
(35.08 million), Rajasthan (18.15 million) and Madhya Pradesh (17.97
million).
-
In
Bihar the number of illiterates increased from 31.98 million in 1991 to
35.08 million in 2001.
-
Jharkhand
and Chhattisgarh have 10.21 million and 6.10 million illiterates in
2001.
-
It
means that 48.12% of the non-literates reside in these six
Hindi-speaking States.
-
Other
States having more than 10 million illiterates are: Orissa (11.61
million), Gujarat (13.31 million) and Tamil Nadu (14.65 million).
|
|
|